According to new research, the time you can stand on one leg is the best marker of physical aging.

So I was lying in bed the other night, trying to read my phone, and started complaining to my wife about how my vision keeps getting worse, and then how stiff I feel when I wake up in the morning, and how a recent injury is taking too long to heal and she said – “well, yeah, you’re 44. That’s when things start to head downhill.”

And I was like “44? That seems very specific. I thought 50 was what people complain about”. And she said, “no – it’s a thing. 44 years old and 60 years old. There’s a drop off there.”

And you know what? She was right.

This study, published in Nature Aging in August of 2024 analyzed a ton of proteins and metabolites in people of various ages and found, when you put it all together, that there are some big changes in body chemistry over time – and those changes peak at age 44 and age 60. I should know better than to doubt my brilliant spouse.

But deep down, I believe the cliché that age is just a number. I don’t particularly care about being 44, or turning 50, or 60. I care about how my body and brain are aging. If I can be a happy, healthy, 80-year-old in full command of his faculties I would consider that a major win no matter what the calendar says.

So I’m always interested in ways to quantify how my body is aging, independent of how many birthdays I have passed. And, according to a new study, there is actually a really easy way to do this.

Just stand on one leg.

The surprising results comes from this study, appearing in PLOS One that analyzed 40 individuals, half under 65, half over 65, across a variety of domains of strength, balance, and gait. The conceit of the study? We all know that things like strength and balance worsen over time, but what worsens fastest? What might be the best metric to tell us how our bodies are aging?

To that end, you have a variety of correlations between various metrics and calendar age.

For instance, here you see the relationship between grip strength – long a favorite of longevity researchers – and age, showing a weak, but nevertheless significant negative correlation.

As age increases, grip strength goes down. Men (inexplicably in pink) have higher grip strength overall, and women (confusingly in blue) lower. Somewhat less strong correlations were seen for knee strength.

What about balance?

To assess this, the researchers had the participants stand on a pressure plate. In one scenario, they did this with eyes open, and the next with eyes closed. They then measured how much the pressure varied around the center of the individual on the plate – basically how much the person swayed while they were standing there.

Sway increased as age increased. And sway increased a bit more with eyes closed than with eyes open.

But the strongest correlation between any of these metrics and age was a simple one. How long can you stand on one leg?

Particularly for the non-dominant leg, what you see here is a pretty dramatic dropoff in balance time around age 65, with younger people able to do 10 seconds with ease, and some older people barely being able to make it to 2.

I, of course, had to try this for myself. And as I was standing around on one leg, it became clear to me exactly why this might be a good metric. It really integrates balance and strength in a way that the other tests don’t. Balance, clearly, since you have to stay vertical over a relatively small base. But strength as well, because, well, one leg is holding up all the rest of you. You do feel it after a while.

So this metric passes the smell test to me at least as a potential proxy for age-related physical decline.

But I should be careful to note that this was a cross-sectional study – the researchers looked at various people who were all different ages, not the same people over time to watch how these things change as they aged.

Also the use of the correlation coefficient in graphs like this implies a certain linear relationship between age and standing-on-one-foot time. The raw data – the points on this graph, don’t appear that linear to me. As I mentioned above, it seems like there might be a bit of a sharp drop off somewhere in the mid-60s. That means that we may not be able to use this as a sensitive test for aging that slowly gets changes as your body gets older. It might be that you’re able to essentially stand on one leg as long as you want until, one day, you can’t. That gives us less warning, and less to act on.

And finally, we don’t know that changing this metric will change your health for the better. I’m sure a good physiatrist or physical therapist could design some exercises to increase any of our standing-on-one leg times. And no doubt, with practice, you could get your numbers way up. But that doesn’t necessarily mean you’re healthier. It’s like “teaching to the test” – you might score better on the standardized exam, but you didn’t really learn the material.

So I am not adding one leg standing to my daily exercise routine. But I won’t lie and tell you that, from time to time, and certainly on my 60th birthday, you may find me standing like a flamingo with a stopwatch in my hand.

A version of this commentary first appeared on Medscape.com.

Methods Man Blog

How Old Is Your Body? Stand On One Leg and Find Out

According to new research, the time you can stand on one leg is the best marker of physical aging.

The Methods Man